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Low fantasy is a subgenre of fantasy fiction involving "nonrational happenings that are without causality or rationality because they occur in the rational world where such things are not supposed to occur." Low fantasy stories are set either in the real world or a fictional but rational world, and are contrasted with high fantasy stories which take place in a completely fictional fantasy world setting with its own set of rules and physical laws. Low fantasy places relatively less emphasis on typical elements associated with fantasy, setting a narrative in real-world environments with elements of the fantastical. Sometimes there are just enough fantastical elements to make ambiguous the boundary between what is real and what is purely psychological or supernatural. The word "low" refers to the level of prominence of traditional fantasy elements within the work, and is not any sort of remark on the work's quality. Role-playing games use a different definition of the genre, defining it as closer to realism than to mythic in scope. This can mean that some works, for example Robert E. Howard's ''Conan the Barbarian'' series, can be high fantasy in literary terms but low fantasy in gaming terms; while with other works, such as the TV series ''Supernatural'', the opposite is true. ==History== Fantasy fiction developed out of fairy tales in the nineteenth century. Early nineteenth century scholarship into folklore led to fantasy fiction dominating Victorian children's literature.〔 The genre diverged into the two subgenres, high and low fantasy, after the Edwardian era. Low fantasy itself diverged into further subgenres in the twentieth century. The forms of low fantasy include personified animals, personified toys (including ''The Indian in the Cupboard'' and ''The Doll's House''; building on the earlier ''The Adventures of Pinocchio''), comic fantasies of exaggerated character traits and altered physics (including ''Pippi Longstocking'' and ''The Borrowers''), magical powers, supernatural elements and time slips.〔〔 French fantastic fiction is predominantly within the low fantasy genre. Low fantasy corresponds to the French genre of "le fantastique" but French literature has no tradition equivalent to English literature's high fantasy.〔 According to David Ketterer, emeritus professor of English at Concordia University, Montreal, the French term ''Le fantastique'' "refers to a specific kind of fantasy, that in which the supernatural or the bizarre intrudes into the everyday world; the closest equivalents in English would be 'low fantasy', 'dark fantasy' or 'weird fiction'. 'Le fantastique' does not cover the kind of complete secondary world creation typified by Tolkien's ''Lord of the Rings''. There is no tradition of "dragons and wizards" fantasy in French."〔 Where high fantasy does occur, the terms "le merveilleux" or "le fantastique moderne" are often used. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「low fantasy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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